Do not despair, and continue to improve repair

caudal additives do not improve the analgesia afforded by levobupivacaine after hypospadias repair

conclusions the addition of s (+)-ketamine or clonidine to levobupivacaine 0.25% in caudal analgesia for hypospadias repair appears to be of no benefit. however, use of the additives in combination increased postoperative sedation. results the 87 patients included had a mean ± sd age of 21.4 ± 13.5 months and weight of 11.9 ± 2.4 kg. the median doses of levobupivacaine, s (+)-ketamine, and clon...

Why do hospital costs continue to increase?

Why Do Hospital Costs Continue To Increase?

Which Learning Style Do You Prefer to Improve EFL Learning?

The term "learning styles" refers to the concept that individuals differ in regard to what mode of instruction or study is most effective for them. Proponents of learning­style assessment contend that optimal instruction requires diagnosing individuals' learning style and tailoring instruction accordingly (pashler, McDaniel, Rohrer, and Bjork, 2009). There are several methods or theories that d...

Hernia repair: why do we continue to perform mesh repair in the face of the human toll of inguinodynia?

Fifteen to 20 years ago, transversalis and Shouldice Hospital repairs were standard, with a 4% to 6% rate of recurrence. With a focus on recurrence, various mesh repairs were proposed to reduce the incidence of recurrence. With these repairs, an increased incidence of inguinodynia due to the entrapment of the nerves proximate (adjacent) to the mesh has been observed. Many surgeons doubted its e...